1031 Week 16

(1) additional notes in class

inclusive language :

language that avoids the use of certain expressions or words that might be considered to exclude particular groups of people ; for example : Happy holidays(versus Merry Christmas).

etymology :

techn(o) = art ; skill

technical /ˈteknɪk(ə)l/

/adjective/ technical language is difficult to understand for people who do not know a lot about the subject

e.g. The text is interesting and informative, without being too technical.

technique /tekˈniːk/

/noun/ a method of doing something using a special skill that you have developed

e.g. He gave a demonstration of the new technique then and there.

technologist /tekˈnɒlədʒɪst/

/noun/ someone whose job involves using and developing technology

e.g. The company now has more over 60 administrators and technologists.

para- = against ; beside ; beyond ; contrary

paradox /ˈpærədɒks/

/noun/ a person, thing, or situation that is strange because they have features or qualities that do not normally exist together

e.g. We get this apparent paradox of people migrating to an area that has very high unemployment.

parasol /ˈpærəsɒl/

/noun/ a type of umbrella designed to provide protection from the sun

e.g. She smiled beneath the parasol at the soft warmth of the day.

paramount /ˈpærəmaʊnt/

/adjective/ more important than all other things

e.g. The interests of the child are paramount.

dia- = across ; between ; through

diagnosis /ˌdaɪəɡˈnəʊsɪs/

/noun/ a statement about what disease someone has, based on examining them

e.g. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent serious problems.

diagonal /daɪˈæɡən(ə)l/

/adjective/ a diagonal line is straight and sloping and connects opposite corners of a flat shape

e.g. Personally I like to cut it into diagonal pieces.

diagram /ˈdaɪəɡræm/

/noun/ a drawing that explains something

e.g. Now he can construct a diagram.

(2) vocabulary journey

day1

micromanage /ˈmaɪkrəʊˌmænɪdʒ/ verb

sentence (in the article) : We wish to empower our people rather than micromanage them.

meaning : to control every part of a business or system in a way that is not necessary or useful

simple sentence : Who does it exactly is not essential and to micromanage as such would be seen as meddling.

monotone /ˈmɒnəˌtəʊn/ noun

sentence (in the article) : He spoke in a flat monotone.

meaning : a way of talking that is boring because your voice does not change in loudness or become higher or lower

simple sentence : The monotone in which he spoke was strangely soothing.

crystal /ˈkrɪst(ə)l/ noun

sentence (in the article) : The house stood by a crystal stream.

meaning : clear or transparent

simple sentence : He wants to make it crystal clear that he doesn’t agree with us.

botanist /ˈbɒtənɪst/ noun

sentence (in the article) : A botanist can differentiate varieties of plants.

meaning : someone who studies plants, especially as their job

simple sentence : He is an intrepid botanist and explorer.

bulb /bʌlb/ noun

sentence (in the article) : An efficient bulb may lighten the load of power stations.

meaning : an object that produces light, especially one that fits into an electric light

simple sentence : The bulb has burned out.

day2

merchant /ˈmɜː(r)tʃ(ə)nt/ noun

sentence (in the article) : He is a successful merchant.

meaning : a person or business that buys and sells goods, especially one that trades with other countries

simple sentence : Her new boyfriend is a snide merchant.

nominally /ˈnɒmɪn(ə)li/ adverb

sentence (in the article) : Dad, nominally a Methodist, entered Churches only for weddings and funerals.

meaning : officially described as being or doing something, even though this is not really true

simple sentence : John Robbins is nominally in charge of the investigation.

fraudulent /ˈfrɔːdjʊlənt/ adjective

sentence (in the article) : The investigation has laid bare their fraudulent scheme.

meaning : made with the intention of tricking someone, especially illegally

simple sentence : They got the information by fraudulent means.

compliance /kəmˈplaɪəns/ noun

sentence (in the article) : I was surprised by his compliance with these terms.

meaning : the practice of obeying a law, rule, or request

simple sentence : It is important to drive in compliance with the traffic laws.

classification /ˌklæsɪfɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n/ noun

sentence (in the article) : These things belong in a different classification.

meaning : a group into which someone or something is put because of the features that they have

simple sentence : It is helpful to begin with a rough and ready classification.

day3

receipt /rɪˈsiːt/ noun

sentence (in the article) : I paid the bill but he neglected to give me a receipt.

meaning : a document that you get from someone showing that you have given them money or goods

simple sentence : He always paid by credit card and kept the receipts.

council /ˈkaʊns(ə)l/ noun

sentence (in the article) : They will hold a council to discuss the proposal.

meaning : an official group of people who have been chosen to make decisions or provide advice: can be followed by a singular or plural verb

simple sentence : Their planning application was rejected by the council.

tenant /ˈtenənt/ noun

sentence (in the article) : Do you own the house or are you a tenant?

meaning : someone who rents a flat, house, office, piece of land etc. from the person who owns it

simple sentence : The landlady has never been able to connect with her tenant.

tutor /ˈtjuːtə(r)/ noun

sentence (in the article) : They engaged a resident tutor.

meaning : someone who gives private lessons in a particular subject

simple sentence : His parents employed a tutor to teach him mathematics.

fountain /ˈfaʊntɪn/ noun

sentence (in the article) : You are a fountain of ideas.

meaning : a structure through which a stream of water is pumped into the air and falls down again

simple sentence : College is a fountain of knowledge.

day4

concept /ˈkɒnsept/ noun

sentence (in the article) : It's important that children learn to understand the concept of sharing.

meaning : an idea of something that exists

simple sentence : Some students failed to grasp even the simplest mathematical concepts.

dizzying /ˈdɪziɪŋ/ adjective

sentence (in the article) : And the dizzying number and astonishing variety of species, both plant and animal, mean that biologists are always making new discoveries.

meaning : making you feel confused or dizzy

simple sentence : My studies continued at a dizzying pace.

interactive /ˌɪntərˈæktɪv/ adjective

sentence (in the article) : Biologists define symbiosis as the close, interactive association of members of two or more species over a period of time.

meaning : involving people communicating with each other and reacting to each other

simple sentence : A child's development is an interactive process.

maintain /meɪnˈteɪn/ verb

sentence (in the article) : The shrimp digs and maintains the hole.

meaning : to make something stay the same

simple sentence : It's sometimes hard to maintain the right balance between your work and your home life.

organism /ˈɔː(r)ɡəˌnɪz(ə)m/ noun

sentence (in the article) : The marine sponge and a variety of small marine organisms including shrimp and certain species of worms.

meaning : a living thing such as a person, animal, or plant, especially an extremely small living thing

simple sentence :

day5

predator /ˈpredətə(r)/ noun

sentence (in the article) : These include shelter, protection from predators, and easy access to food that is washed into the sponge by ocean.

meaning : an animal that kills and eats other animals

simple sentence : The birds have to be protected from foxes and other predators.

shelter /ˈʃeltə(r)/ noun

sentence (in the article) : These include shelter, protection from predators, and easy access to food that is washed into the sponge by ocean.

meaning : a place where people are protected from bad weather or from danger

simple sentence : The umbrella is a poor shelter from heavy rain.

striped /straɪpt/ adjective

sentence (in the article) : Some are striped and others are covered in spot.

meaning : with a pattern of stripes

simple sentence : Look at the gentleman in a black coat and striped trousers.

tail /teɪl/ noun

sentence (in the article) : If the shrimp is inside the hole and the goby is outside, the shrimp reaches out with one of its antennae and touches the fish’s tail.

meaning : a part at the back of an animal's body that can move

simple sentence : The animal sprays liquid from a gland under its tail.

shrimp /ʃrɪmp/ noun

sentence (in the article) : If the shrimp is inside the hole and the goby is outside, the shrimp reaches out with one of its antennae and touches the fish’s tail.

meaning : a small shellfish with a lot of legs

simple sentence : The cook stuffed the tomato with the shrimp.