(1)
additional notes in class
Idiom :
Please take my word.
= Please believe me.
Stop going bananas! =
Stop going crazy!
etymology :
dol = suffer ; pain
doleful / ˈdəʊlf(ə)l/
/adjective/ looking
sad
e.g. He always shows
a doleful expression.
condolence / kənˈdəʊləns/
/noun/ the things
that you say to show sympathy when someone has just died
e.g. We offer our
condolences to David and his family on their tragic loss.
indolent / ɪˈdʒekt/
/adjective/ lazy
e.g. He is an
indolent worker.
therm = hot ; heat
thermos /ˈθɜː(r)məs/
/noun/ a container
that keeps liquids hot or cold
e.g. Would you like
me to fill your thermos for you?
thermometer / θə(r)ˈmɒmɪtə(r)/
/noun/ a piece of
equipment that measures temperature
e.g. The thermometer
reads 96 degrees.
thermoregulation / ɪˈdʒekt/
/noun/ an ability of
an organism to keep its body temperature within certain boundaries
e.g. Psychological
factors may influence physical thermoregulation.
(2) vocabulary
journey
day1
consistently
/ ˈdɪdʒɪtli/ adverb
sentence (in the
article) : Thus, consistently learning while multitasking may impair the memory.
meaning : continuing
or developing steadily in the same way
simple sentence : He
has consistently denied the charges.
on
a regular basis
sentence (in the
article) : According to the Pew Research Center, 33 percent of teenagers
multitask “most of the time,” and as many as 82 percent multitask on a regular basis.
meaning : in a
regular manner
simple sentence : The
equipment needs to be checked on a regular basis.
in
debt
sentence (in the
article) : These days, however, more and more consumers around the world are in debt.
meaning : owning a
lot of money
simple sentence : How
did you manage to get so deep in debt?
enterprising
/ ˈentə(r)ˌpraɪzɪŋ/
adjective
sentence (in the
article) : What can young enterprising companies do to cover their start-up costs and build their
business?
meaning : willing to
try or think of new ideas or methods
simple sentence : The
enterprising children open a lemonade stand.
roll
up one’s sleeves
sentence (in the
article) : They all can roll
up their sleeves and look to what economists call “the
next billion.”
meaning : to prepare
for hard work
simple sentence : After
the election, the mayor rolled up his sleeves and began immediately to put his
promises into action.
sole / səʊl/ noun
sentence (in the
article) : Multinational corporations have traditionally ignored these places,
making their sole focus “the first billion,” the wealthiest 15 percent of the world’s
population.
meaning : the flat
bottom part of your foot
simple sentence : She
tickled the soles of his feet.
accordingly / əˈkɔː(r)dɪŋli/ adverb
sentence (in the
article) : Accordingly, most computer products cost a lot.
meaning : as a result
of something
simple sentence : No
formal complaint was made; accordingly, the police took no action.
household
name
sentence (in the
article) : Microsoft is a household
name, as more than 90 percent of computers use the company’s software.
meaning : to be very
well known
simple sentence : Today,
fashion designers are household names.
software
/ ˈsɒf(t)ˌweə(r)/
noun
sentence (in the
article) : Microsoft is a household name, as more than 90 percent of computers
use the company’s software.
meaning : programs
used by computers for doing particular jobs
simple sentence : Does
the system need any specially programmed software?
install
/ ɪnˈstɔːl/
verb
sentence (in the
article) : The company has installed
30 educational programs in the XO so it is ready for children to use.
meaning : to put a
piece of equipment somewhere and make it ready for use
simple sentence : We’ve
had a second phone line installed.
day3
end
user
sentence (in the
article) : Although the XO’s end
users are children, its consumers are governments and aid organizations
seeking to improve the quality of education.
meaning : someone who
buys and uses a product, especially a computer or a piece of software
simple sentence : In fact our end users are favorably impressed
with your exhibits.
durable / ˈdjʊərəb(ə)l/ adjective
sentence (in the
article) : The durable laptop can survive a 5-foot drop to the ground, and it can be
used outdoors in direct sunlight.
meaning : continuing
to exist or work for a long time, even if the situation changes
simple sentence : Finding
a durable solution will not be easy.
conventional / kənˈvenʃ(ə)nəl/ adjective
sentence (in the
article) : You can cook the meat either in a microwave or in a conventional oven.
meaning : of the
usual, traditional, or accepted type, instead of being new and different
simple sentence : He
wanted a conventional marriage with a wife and kids.
plug
in
sentence (in the
article) : With these problems in mind, Grosser invented a new type of
refrigerator, a device that can keep things cold without needing to be plugged in.
meaning : to connect
a piece of equipment to an electricity supply or to another piece of equipment
simple sentence : Then
I realized I hadn’t plugged the TV in.
strike
a deal
sentence (in the
article) : French food-maker Danone has struck a deal with economist Muhammad Yunus in
India to create a “social business enterprise.”
meaning : to reach an
agreement on a price or negotiation
simple sentence : They
wew unable to strike a deal, so they ended their meeting.
nutritious
/ njuːˈtrɪʃəs/
adjective
sentence (in the
article) : Their goal is to build 50 factories that will produce low-cost, nutritious
yogurt.
meaning : nutritious
foods provide the substances that people need in order to be healthy
simple sentence : Milk is very nutritious.
run
by
sentence (in the
article) : The factories will be run by local workers, and they will use local
ingredients.
meaning : to control
and organize something such as a business, organization, or event
simple sentence : The
restaurant will be run by his wife.
charitable / ˈtʃærɪtəb(ə)l/ adjective
sentence (in the
article) : There are plenty of charitable foundations and public agencies devoted
to helping the world’s poor, many with instantly recognizable names like UNICEF
or the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.
meaning : intended to
help people who are poor or ill, or who need advice and support
simple sentence : That
is a charitable institution for the education of young children.
refugee / ˌrefjʊˈdʒiː/ noun
sentence (in the
article) : Its products are in use in refugee camps and disasters
area all over the third world: PermaNet, a mosquito net soaked with insecticide;
ZeroFly, a tent tarp that kills flies; and the LifeStraw, a filter worn around
the neck that makes filthy water safe to drink.
meaning : someone who
leaves their country, especially during a war or other threatening event
simple sentence : Thousands
of refugees have entered the camps along the borders in recent days.
tarp
/ ˌrefjʊˈdʒiː/
noun
sentence (in the
article) : Its products are in use in refugee camps and disasters area all over
the third world: PermaNet, a mosquito net soaked with insecticide; ZeroFly, a
tent tarp
that kills flies; and the LifeStraw, a filter worn around the neck that makes
filthy water safe to drink.
meaning : a tarpaulin
simple sentence : The
pool furniture was folded, stacked, and covered with a tarp.
day5
soaked / səʊk/ verb
sentence (in the
article) : Its products are in use in refugee camps and disasters area all over
the third world: PermaNet, a mosquito net soaked with insecticide;
ZeroFly, a tent tarp that kills flies; and the LifeStraw, a filter worn around
the neck that makes filthy water safe to drink.
meaning : to put
something into a liquid and leave it there for a period of time
simple sentence : She
soaked the shirt in soapy water.
insecticide
/ ɪnˈsektɪsaɪd/
adjective
sentence (in the
article) : Its products are in use in refugee camps and disasters area all over
the third world: PermaNet, a mosquito net soaked with insecticide; ZeroFly, a tent tarp that kills flies; and the LifeStraw, a
filter worn around the neck that makes filthy water safe to drink.
meaning : a chemical
for killing insects, especially those that damage plants or crops
simple sentence : The
airplane dusted the crops with an insecticide.
filter / ˈfɪltə(r)/ noun
sentence (in the
article) : Its products are in use in refugee camps and disasters area all over
the third world: PermaNet, a mosquito net soaked with insecticide; ZeroFly, a
tent tarp that kills flies; and the LifeStraw, a filter worn around the neck
that makes filthy water safe to drink.
meaning : an object
or piece of equipment that allows you to remove solid parts that are not wanted
from a liquid or gas
simple sentence : Children
should have glasses which filter out UV rays.
backpack / ˈbækˌpæk/ noun
sentence (in the
article) : He went backpacking through India and Africa, entertaining thoughts of going to
Kuwait to fight the oil field fires set during the Gulf War.
meaning : a bag that
you carry on your back, used when you are walking long distances or travelling
to several different places
simple sentence : We
shall have to backpack supplies through the woods.
entertain
/ ˌentə(r)ˈteɪn/
verb
sentence (in the
article) : He went backpacking
through India and Africa, entertaining thoughts of going to Kuwait to fight the oil field fires set
during the Gulf War.
meaning : to consider
an idea or feeling and allow it to develop in your mind
simple sentence : I
wouldn’t entertain the idea of such an unsociable job.
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