(1) additional notes in class
Idiom :
Break a leg. = Good luck.
Over my dead body! = No way!
etymology :
clin = bend
decline /dɪˈklaɪn/
/verb/ to become less or worse
e.g. In many cases living standards are
declining.
recline /rɪˈklaɪn/
/verb/ to lie or lean in a comfortable
position with your back supported by something
e.g. She reclined her head on my shoulder.
climax /ˈklaɪmæks/
/noun/ the most exciting or important
moment in a story, event, or situation, usually near the end
e.g. The festival reached a climax with a
dazzling performance from Pavarotti.
verb = word
verbal /ˈvɜː(r)b(ə)l/
/adjective/ using words, or relating to
words
e.g. Make sure the discussion remains
purely verbal.
verbose /vɜː(r)ˈbəʊs/
/adjective/ using more words than
necessary, and therefore long and boring
e.g. She is really a verbose companion.
proverb /ˈprɒvɜː(r)b/
/noun/ a short well-known statement that
gives practical advice about life
e.g. A proverb distills the wisdom of ages.
(2) vocabulary journey
day1
gift token
sentence (in the article) : The teacher
prefers to give us a gift token instead of money.
meaning : a document that you buy in a shop
as a present for someone, so that they can come to the shop later and exchange
it for something that they want
simple sentence : We give her a gift token
for her birthday.
infamous /ˈɪnfəməs/ adjective
sentence (in the article) : The infamous
traitor was sentenced to death.
meaning : well known for something bad
simple sentence : I have sent a cable
describing the wickedness of that infamous organization.
vomit /ˈvɒmɪt/ verb
sentence (in the article) : The unpleasant
smell made her sick and she began to vomit.
meaning : if you vomit, food comes up from
your stomach and out through your mouth because you are ill. The usual British
expression is be sick.
simple sentence : I feel like vomit.
one by one
sentence (in the article) : One by one the
lights went out.
meaning : first one, then the next, then
the next etc., separately
simple sentence : Add the eggs one by one,
stirring as you do so.
detain /dɪˈteɪn/ verb
sentence (in the article) : Allow me to
detain you for a moment.
meaning : to delay someone who has to go
somewhere
simple sentence : Ms. Dawson has been
detained, so we will start the meeting without her.
day2
fierce /fɪə(r)s/ adjective
sentence (in the article) : My grandfather
became fierce when he lost his temper.
meaning : involving very strong feelings
such as determination, anger, or hate
simple sentence : The proposals provoked a
fierce debate.
insane /ɪnˈseɪn/ adjective
sentence (in the article) : It's an insane
situation that I can't see any way out of.
meaning : very stupid or crazy, especially
in a way that is likely to cause serious problems, harm, or injury
simple sentence : You'd be totally insane
to see him again.
mourn /mɔː(r)n/ verb
sentence (in the article) : We mourn for
our fallen soldiers.
meaning : to feel extremely sad because
someone has died, and to express this in public
simple sentence : We are mourning the loss
of our close friend.
pardon /ˈpɑː(r)d(ə)n/ verb
sentence (in the article) : Pardon me for
not writing to you sooner.
meaning : to forgive someone for doing or
saying something bad or unpleasant
simple sentence : Please pardon the mess in
the back room.
pour /pɔː(r)/ verb
sentence (in the article) : People poured
out of the train.
meaning : to arrive or go somewhere quickly
in a large group on in large amounts
simple sentence : Election results are
beginning to pour in.
day3
raid /reɪd/ verb
sentence (in the article) : Our troops
raided the enemy camp.
meaning : to suddenly attack a place and
cause a lot of damage
simple sentence : Guerrillas continue to
raid villages in the area.
register /ˈredʒɪstə(r)/ noun
sentence (in the article) : No register of
his death was found.
meaning : an official list or record of a
particular type of thing
simple sentence : At 9 o'clock the teacher
calls the register.
visa /ˈviːzə/ noun
sentence (in the article) : I obtained a
visa to visit Japan.
meaning : an official document or mark in
your passport that allows you to enter or leave a country for a specific
purpose or period of time
simple sentence : The UK recently denied
visas to two suspected terrorists.
instrument /ˈɪnstrʊmənt/ noun
sentence (in the article) : Language is an
instrument for communication.
meaning : a tool or piece of equipment used
in science, medicine, or technology
simple sentence : There are some scientific
instruments such as microscopes.
urge /ɜː(r)dʒ/ verb
sentence (in the article) : The UN has
urged them to honor the peace treaty.
meaning : to advise someone very strongly
about what action or attitude they should take
simple sentence : We urge that systems be
put in place to prevent such accidents.
day4
vapor /ˈveɪpə(r)/ noun
sentence (in the article) : A cloud is a
mass of vapor in the sky.
meaning : very small drops of water or
other liquids in the air that make the air feel wet
simple sentence : When you heat a liquid,
it changes into a vapor.
delegate /ˈdeləɡət/ noun
sentence (in the article) : We have
delegated Bill to attend the meeting.
meaning : someone who is chosen to
represent a group of other people at a meeting
simple sentence : It must decide whether to
delegate authority to subsidiaries or centralize.
vengeance /ˈvendʒ(ə)ns/ noun
sentence (in the article) : Herbert swore
vengeance on the murderers of his father.
meaning : the act of harming or killing
someone because they have done something bad to you
simple sentence : He was desperate to take
vengeance on Marie's killer.
abruptly /əˈbrʌptli/ adverb
sentence (in the article) : The temperature
dropped abruptly.
meaning : suddenly or immediately
simple sentence : The secretary abruptly
left the conference room.
wage /weɪdʒ/ noun
sentence (in the article) : His wages are
three hundred dollars a week.
meaning : an amount of money that you earn
for working, usually according to how many hours or days you work each week or
month
simple sentence : They're protesting about
low wages.
day5
ample /ˈæmp(ə)l/ adjective
sentence (in the article) : This leaves her
ample time to prepare three meals a day.
meaning : enough, and often more than you
need
simple sentence : We have ample time to get
there.
brutal /ˈbruːt(ə)l/ adjective
sentence (in the article) : We had another
brutal winter.
meaning : extreme and unpleasant
simple sentence : The brutal truth is that
he is too old.
helicopter /ˈhelɪˌkɒptə(r)/ noun
sentence (in the article) : The helicopter
hovered over the crowd for a while before inching away.
meaning : an aircraft with large metal
blades on top that spin and lift it into the air
simple sentence : Food is being lifted in
by helicopter.
juvenile /ˈdʒuːvənaɪl/ adjective
sentence (in the article) : He is a
juvenile delinquent.
meaning : relating to young people who have
committed a crime or who are accused of committing a crime
simple sentence : Stop being so juvenile!
rash /ræʃ/ adjective
sentence (in the article) : I know you're
angry, but please don't do anything rash.
meaning : acting or done too quickly,
without considering the effects of your actions
simple sentence : She began to regret her
rash decision to leave her job.
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