(1)
additional notes in class
Cupid and Psyche :
Once upon a time there was a king with three daughters.
However, the youngest one Psyche was so beautiful that people began to neglect
the worship of Venus, the goddess of love and beauty. Venus asked her son Cupid
to make Psyche fall in love with a horrible monster. When he saw her, Cupid
dropped the arrow and pricked himself.
Despite her great beauty no-one wanted to marry
Psyche. Her parents consulted an oracle, told that she was destined to marry a
monster. The west wind took her and wafted her away to a palace. When night
came her new husband visited her, and told that he would always visit her by
night and she must never try to see him.
Although her husband was kind and gentle with
her and the invisible servants attended to her every desire, Psyche grew
homesick. Her husband allowed her sisters to visit her. When they saw how she
lived, they became jealous. They talked Psyche into peeking at her husband,
saying that he was a monster who was fattening her up to be eaten and that her
only chance of safety was to kill him. Psyche took a lamp and a knife, but when
she saw her handsome husband Cupid, she dripped some hot wax onto his shoulder,
waking him. He took in the situation at a glance and immediately left Psyche in
a puff of smoke.
Psyche roamed about looking for her husband,
and eventually in desperation approached his mother. Still angry, Venus set
various tasks for Psyche, all of which she passed. At last Cupid found out what
was going on, and he persuaded Jupiter to order Venus to stop her persecution
of Psyche. Then they were married and lived happily ever after - and it really
was ever after since Psyche was made a goddess.
etymology :
-cide = kill
suicide / ˈsuːɪsaɪd/
/noun/ the action of
deliberately killing yourself
e.g. Police believe
he committed suicide.
ecocide / ˈiːkəʊsaid/
/noun/ damage to or
destruction of the natural environment, especially as caused by human activity
e.g. He thinks that ecocide
is a crime.
genocide/ ˈdʒenəsaɪd/
/noun/ the murder of
large numbers of people belonging to a particular race
e.g. They’ve launched
a campaign of genocide against the immigrants.
dog, dox = opinion
dogma / ˌdʒiːniˈælədʒi/
/noun/ a set of
beliefs that people are expected to accept without asking questions about them
e.g. Their opposition
to the reforms is based on pure dogma.
orthodox / ˈɔː(r)θədɒks/
/adjective/ accepting
and obeying traditional religious beliefs and practices
e.g. My cousin is a
very orthodox young man.
paradox /ˈpærədɒks/
/noun/ a person,
thing, or situation that is strange because they have features or qualities
that do not normally exist together
e.g. The answer to
the question is full of paradox.
(2) vocabulary journey
day1
defrost / diˈfrɔst/ verb
sentence (in the
article) : Make sure you defrost the
chicken completely before cooking.
meaning : if frozen
food defrosts, or if you defrost it, it becomes warmer until it is no longer
frozen
simple sentence : Defrost
the fridge regularly so that it works at maximum efficiency.
spacious / ˈspeɪʃəs/ adjective
sentence (in the
article) : The spacious kitchen was achieved by knocking together three small rooms.
meaning : a spacious room,
building, etc. has a lot of space inside it
simple sentence : We
entered a spacious dining room.
remodel / ˌriˈmɑd(ə)l/ verb
sentence (in the
article) : I’ll remodel the downstairs bedroom first.
meaning : to change
the structure or appearance of something
simple sentence : Our
house needs remodeling.
exhort / ɪɡˈzɔrt/ verb
sentence (in the
article) : I exhorted him not to drink too much.
meaning : to try to
persuade someone to do something
simple sentence : The
general exhorted his men to fight bravely.
from
scratch
sentence (in the
article) : Today, nearly everything is made from scratch.
meaning : from a
point where nothing has been done, so that you have to do everything yourself
simple sentence : It
took only three years to write it from scratch.
follow
suit
sentence (in the
article) : He went to bed and she followed suit after a few minutes.
meaning : to do the
same as someone else has just done
simple sentence : The
public library opened a circulating library for children, and by 1980 ten other
had followed suit.
overhaul / ˌəʊvə(r)ˈhɔːl/ verb
sentence (in the
article) : Berkeley is still only district of its size in the nation to
completely overhaul its
food program.
meaning : to
completely change a system in order to make it work more effectively
simple sentence : He
has promised to overhaul the welfare system.
organic / ɔː(r)ˈɡænɪk/ adjective
sentence (in the
article) : Can this level of fresh, organic, and local food for
so many students be sustained?
meaning : organic
food or drink is produced using no or only a small number of artificial
chemicals and methods
simple sentence : Is
this milk organic?
stock
/ stɒk/
verb
sentence (in the
article) : We stock all types of rice.
meaning : if a shop
stocks goods, it has them available for sale
simple sentence : Do
you stock fishing rods?
produce
/ ˈprɒdjuːs/
noun
sentence (in the
article) : All produce is regionally grown.
meaning : fruit,
vegetables, and other things that farmers grow
simple sentence : Local
people come to the market each day to sell their produce.
day3
fossil
/ ˈfɒs(ə)l/
noun
sentence (in the
article) : They use less fossil fuel in their transportation.
meaning : an animal
or plant that lived many thousands of years ago and is preserved in rock
simple sentence : Can
you date the fossil exactly?
curriculum / kəˈrɪkjʊləm/ noun
sentence (in the
article) : It’s hands-on experience and academic curriculum to
tie it together.
meaning : the
subjects that students study at a particular school or college
simple sentence : Latin
is no longer on the curriculum.
digest / daɪˈdʒest/ verb
sentence (in the
article) : These cattle are fed corn, which they can’t digest.
meaning : when your
stomach digests food, it changes it into the substances that your body needs
simple sentence : Cheese
can be difficult to digest.
cite
/ saɪt/
verb
sentence (in the
article) : Vegetarians cite medical studies that establish a connection between a high
consumption of red meat and many diseases.
meaning : to mention
something as an example, explanation, or proof of something else
simple sentence : Bates
pulled out of the competition, citing personal reasons.
acre
/ ˈeɪkə(r)/
noun
sentence (in the
article) : Studies have shown that an acre of land dedicated to
growing plants can produce more than twice as much as food an acre used for
raising animals.
meaning : a unit for
measuring the surface area of land, equal to 4,047 square meters
simple sentence : The
hotel sits in 400 acres of parkland.
texture
/ ˈtekstʃə(r)/
noun
sentence (in the
article) : These paintings reveal that throughout history people have enjoyed
the smell, taste, and texture of a roasted chicken or a lamb stew.
meaning : the way
that something feels when you touch it
simple sentence : Different
textures and colors will increase the child’s interest.
reluctantly
/ rɪˈlʌktəntli/
adverb
sentence (in the
article) : Many meat eaters reluctantly admit that there are problems with the meat industry.
meaning : not willing
to do something
simple sentence : She
reluctantly decided to sell her home.
advocate / ˈædvəkeɪt/ verb
sentence (in the
article) : They advocate solutions that do not involve giving up meat altogether.
meaning : to publicly
support a particular policy or way of doing things
simple sentence : There
is no point advocating improved public transport unless we can pay for it.
objection / əbˈdʒekʃ(ə)n/ noun
sentence (in the
article) : To deal with the objections about the poor treatment of animals raised for food, many
supermarkets now offer antibiotic and hormone-free beef from grass-fed cattle
and free-range chickens that were given the freedom to wander around.
meaning : a statement
that shows that you disagree with a plan, or a reason for your disagreement
simple sentence : I
think I’ll go home now, if you’ve no objection.
grain / ɡreɪn/ noun
sentence (in the
article) : By combining meat with beans, vegetables, and grains,
people can easily decrease the amount of meat that they eat.
meaning : the seeds
from crops such as wheat, rice, or barley that are used for food
simple sentence : Not
a grain of rice was wasted.
day5
on
the defensive
sentence (in the
article) : Meat is still on the menu, but it is definitely on the defensive.
meaning : weary and
ready to defend oneself
simple sentence : John
goes on the defensive when his athletic ability is questioned.
distinguish / dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/ verb
sentence (in the
article) : It is important to distinguish facts, statements that are known to be true, from opinions,
statements that may or may not be true.
meaning : to
recognize the differences between things
simple sentence : He
learned to distinguish the songs of different birds.
snooze / snuːz/ verb
sentence (in the
article) : They have to start work before the students even hit the snooze
button.
meaning : to sleep
for a short period of time
simple sentence : I
set an afternoon snooze.
chop / tʃɒp/ verb
sentence (in the
article) : Please chop up the vegetables.
meaning : to cut
something such as food or wood into pieces
simple sentence : Chop
the meat into small cubes.
roomy / ˈruːmi/ adjective
sentence (in the
article) : She lived in a roomy house.
meaning : large and
providing you with a lot of space
simple sentence : He
want to buy a roomy car.
沒有留言:
張貼留言